ٱلرَّحْمَٰنٱلرَّحِيمٱلْمَلِكٱلْقُدُّوسٱلسَّلَامٱلْمُؤْمِنٱلْمُهَيْمِنٱلْعَزِيزٱلرَّحْمَٰنٱلرَّحِيمٱلْمَلِكٱلْقُدُّوسٱلسَّلَامٱلْمُؤْمِنٱلْمُهَيْمِنٱلْعَزِيز

ٱللَّهٱلْحَمْدُ لِلَّٰهٱللَّهٱلْحَمْدُ لِلَّٰه

صَلَاةزَكَاةصَوْمحَجّشَهَادَةتَقْوَىٰإِيمَانإِحْسَانتَوْبَةصَلَاةزَكَاةصَوْمحَجّشَهَادَةتَقْوَىٰإِيمَانإِحْسَانتَوْبَة

ٱلْجَبَّارٱلْمُتَكَبِّرٱلْخَالِقٱلْبَارِئٱلْمُصَوِّرٱلْغَفَّارٱلْجَبَّارٱلْمُتَكَبِّرٱلْخَالِقٱلْبَارِئٱلْمُصَوِّرٱلْغَفَّار

بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمسُبْحَانَ ٱللَّهٱلْحَمْدُ لِلَّٰهٱللَّهُ أَكْبَرلَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِٱللَّهبِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمسُبْحَانَ ٱللَّهٱلْحَمْدُ لِلَّٰهٱللَّهُ أَكْبَرلَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِٱللَّه

ٱلْوَدُودٱلرَّءُوفٱللَّطِيفٱلْحَلِيمٱلْكَرِيمٱلْغَفُورٱلشَّكُورٱلْحَيّٱلْقَيُّومٱلْوَدُودٱلرَّءُوفٱللَّطِيفٱلْحَلِيمٱلْكَرِيمٱلْغَفُورٱلشَّكُورٱلْحَيّٱلْقَيُّوم

ٱلْقُرْآنٱلْفُرْقَانٱلذِّكْرٱلْكِتَابٱلْهُدَىٰٱلنُّورٱلْحَقّٱلْقُرْآنٱلْفُرْقَانٱلذِّكْرٱلْكِتَابٱلْهُدَىٰٱلنُّورٱلْحَقّ

ٱلسَّمِيعٱلْبَصِيرٱلْعَلِيمٱلْحَكِيمٱلْوَاسِعٱلْمَجِيدٱلْوَكِيلٱلْمَتِينٱلسَّمِيعٱلْبَصِيرٱلْعَلِيمٱلْحَكِيمٱلْوَاسِعٱلْمَجِيدٱلْوَكِيلٱلْمَتِين

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obligatory · 4 rakats

How to pray Dhuhr, Asr, and Isha

All three are 4 rakats. Dhuhr and Asr are silent; Isha's first two rakats are audible in congregation.

When: Dhuhr: after zawal until Asr. Asr: mid-afternoon until Maghrib. Isha: after twilight fades until midnight.

Steps

Rakat 1
Al-Fatihah + short surah.
Rakat 2
Al-Fatihah + short surah. Sit for the middle tashahhud (only up to 'ashhadu anna Muḥammadan ʿabduhu wa rasūluh'), then stand for rakat 3.
Rakat 3
Al-Fatihah only. No additional surah.
Rakat 4
Al-Fatihah only. After the second sujud, sit for the final tashahhud with salawat, then salam.

Notes

The Sunnah rawatib: 4 before Dhuhr and 2 after, 2 after Maghrib, 2 after Isha.
Rushing rakats 3 and 4 by omitting Al-Fatihah is a common mistake — Al-Fatihah is a pillar in every rakat.